超声波传感器

Ultrasonic transducers are the core components of ultrasonic sensors. They convert acoustic energy into mechanical, electrical, or magnetic energy. In many designs, a single ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer unit works as both transmitter and receiver, functioning as a complete ultrasonic transducer probe in practical systems.

Different types of ultrasound transducer probes fit different scenarios, including:

– Distance and level measurement – AGV/robot obstacle detection and avoidance – Edge detection and web guiding – Liquid flow velocity measurement – Wind speed and direction monitoring

These typical use cases form the main applications of ultrasonic transducer products, covering basic industrial detection, logistics and warehousing, smart transportation, and environmental monitoring. For example, ceramic piezoelectric transducers are widely used in level sensors and robot ranging modules because they offer high sensitivity and stable performance over a wide temperature range.

Unlike a simple piezo buzzer, which mainly generates audible tones for alarms or status indication, an ultrasonic transducer not only emits sound waves but also accurately receives and analyzes echo signals. Many high‑performance piezoceramic transducers are specially designed to provide narrowband, high‑amplitude ultrasonic pulses and then switch rapidly into receive mode, enabling precise measurement of distance, object presence, material properties, and process conditions.

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超声波传感器系列


超声波距离传感器

Low Frequency
Transducers

Object presence detection, distance detection and AGV obstacle avoidance, etc.

超声波距离传感器

High Frequency
Transducers

Double sheet detection, deviation correction, liquid flow speed detection, wind speed and direction detection, and material detection, etc.

超声波距离传感器

piezoelectric
buzzers

Sound and alarm generation, status indication, key press feedback, timing reminder, etc.

Low frequency ultrasonic transducers

Low-frequency ultrasonic transducers are a class of devices featuring low operating frequency, wide beam angle, and strong penetration. Compared with high-frequency [ultrasound transducer probes], they are especially suitable for long-range target detection and large-object presence sensing.


  • Low frequency, wide beam, strong penetration: Ideal for long-distance target detection and sensing large objects or spaces.
  • Low drive power requirement: More cost-effective, easier to integrate into compact or battery-powered systems.
  • Lower response frequency: Suitable for low-to-medium speed scenarios where very fast updates are not required.
  • Large tolerance for installation and alignment: Less sensitive to mounting angle and mechanical alignment, simplifying installation.
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Typical applications for low-frequency ultrasonic transducer probes include basic distance and presence detection, robot and AGV obstacle detection and avoidance, storage space occupancy monitoring, as well as parking and security ranging. Thanks to their longer wavelength, low-frequency transducer ultrasonic devices provide better media penetration and longer measurement distances. In many industrial and commercial settings, common application of ultrasonic transducer products in this range include obstacle avoidance and safety zoning for robots and AGVs, parking space detection and perimeter security distance monitoring, along with liquid level and vertical space monitoring in warehousing, water treatment, and process tanks.

The main strengths of these ultrasonic transducers are environmental robustness, cost-effectiveness, and easy system integration. However, due to their limited resolution and relatively larger blind zone, they are not suitable for high-precision tasks such as fine dimension measurement, thin-sheet detection, or accurate edge detection. As a result, most use cases focus on “presence / distance” type measurements—detecting whether something is present and roughly how far away it is—rather than detailed dimensional metrology.

High frequency ultrasonic transducers

High-frequency ultrasonic transducers are designed with higher operating frequency and shorter wavelength, offering finer spatial resolution and a smaller blind zone. This makes them ideal for short- to medium-range precision measurement and complex process control.


  • High frequency, short wavelength: High spatial resolution and small blind zone, suitable for precise short/medium-range measurements.
  • Narrow beam and good directivity: Capable of detecting small targets, thin sheets, edges, and interlayer differences.
  • Multiple operating modes: Support reflective, through-beam (transmission), and oblique incidence setups, adaptable to diverse process layouts.
  • More sensitive to installation and surface conditions: Alignment, acoustic coupling, and target surface condition have a greater impact; effective measuring range is typically shorter.
  • Enhanced stability with compensation and algorithms: Can be combined with temperature compensation, digital signal processing, and array algorithms for higher stability and accuracy.
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Because of these features, high‑frequency ultrasound transducer probes are widely used where high accuracy, small targets, or complex structures are involved, especially in precision industry and process control.
In these fields, high-frequency ultrasonic transducer products support a broad and sophisticated application of ultrasonic transducer, such as high‑precision distance and obstacle measurement for positioning, limit control, and collision prevention in confined spaces; double‑sheet (dual‑sheet) detection in through‑beam or transmission setups to detect multiple sheets in printing, packaging, and metal processing, thereby preventing double‑feeding; edge detection and web guiding, where narrow beams accurately detect the edges of rolls, films, and paper webs to enable automatic web guiding and alignment; and material and thickness identification, where differences in sound velocity and attenuation between materials are used to distinguish material types, detect thickness changes, and identify layered structures.
They are also widely used in fluid dynamics and meteorology, for example in time‑of‑flight or Doppler structures for liquid flow velocity measurement, and in acoustic time‑of‑flight arrays for wind speed and wind direction measurement. In these more demanding environments, high-frequency transducer ultrasonic devices are often combined with temperature compensation, advanced electronics, and array signal processing to improve measurement stability, repeatability, and long‑term reliability.

Compared with this, a piezo buzzer is primarily used for sound generation and alarms (such as device alerts, button tones, and status beeps) and typically only emits sound without receiving echoes or performing distance or media characterization. An ultrasonic transducer or ultrasonic transducer probe, however, is designed to both transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, enabling distance measurement, target detection, edge and level sensing, flow and wind measurement, and material inspection. Therefore, when making a selection, if your requirement is only to generate simple alert tones or status sounds, a piezo buzzer is sufficient; if you need distance measurement, obstacle detection, edge or double‑sheet detection, flow measurement, or wind speed/direction analysis, you should choose appropriate ultrasound transducer probes and then select between low‑frequency and high‑frequency transducer ultrasonic options based on range, resolution, and environmental conditions.

Piezoelectric Buzzers


  • Simple sound generation: Well-suited for beeps, alarms, alerts, key‑press feedback, and status tones.
  • Easy to drive, low power consumption: Can be powered directly or through simple driver circuits, making them ideal for battery‑powered and compact devices.
  • Flexible tone options: Support fixed‑frequency or multi‑tone output, from single beeps to simple melodies and warning patterns.
  • No echo reception: They typically only emit sound and do not receive or analyze returning signals, so they are not used for distance or material measurement.
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Piezoelectric buzzers are compact acoustic components that use the piezoelectric effect to convert electrical signals into audible sound.
They are mainly used to generate simple tones such as beeps, alarms, prompts, and other status indications, rather than for measurement or sensing, since they typically only emit sound and do not receive or analyze echo signals.
Consequently, they are widely used in device fault alarms; over‑temperature and over‑pressure alerts; control panels; countdown reminders; and status indication in various medical and industrial equipment.

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I. Introduction Ultrasonic Sensors are widely used in industrial automation for distance measurement, level detection, material recognition, and obstacle avoidance. Although they all rely on the same fundamental principle—using high frequency sound waves to detect objects—their designs vary greatly depending on application requirements. From a selection point of view, the challenge is not simply:“Which ultrasonic…

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超声波换能器的作用

超声波传感器是实现超声波测量和检测的核心部件。通过电声转换,它们在电信号和介质中的超声波之间建立了联系。根据其结构和工作原理,可分为压电式、电磁式和静电式等几种类型。其中,压电换能器在工业和医疗领域占据主导地位。

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常见问题


what are ultrasonic transducer?

Ultrasonic transducer is a device that converts electrical energy into ultrasonic waves (typically with frequencies above 20kHz) and receives the reflected echoes, converting them back into electrical signals. It is the core component of ultrasonic sensors, utilizing the principle of sound wave reflection to achieve precise measurement, detection, and distance calculation.

Inside the transducer, piezoelectric ceramic elements vibrate when an alternating current voltage is applied, generating ultrasonic pulses. When these sound waves encounter an object, they are reflected, and the same element detects the reflected echoes. By analyzing the time delay or phase difference, the system can determine distance, the presence of an object, or material properties.

Ultrasonic transducers are widely used in industrial automation, robotics, automotive systems, liquid level measurement, and wind speed and direction monitoring. Their high sensitivity, durability, and adaptability make them ideal for precision measurement and harsh environment applications.